Description
Product Overview
The TES1-12704 (widely known as the TEC1-12704) is a highly efficient, standard-sized solid-state thermoelectric cooling module. Operating on the Peltier effect, it utilizes 127 semiconductor couples sandwiched between two high-purity aluminum oxide ($Al_2O_3$) ceramic plates to rapidly pump heat from one surface to the other.
Featuring the widely used 40mm x 40mm (4x4cm) square footprint, this module is a standard choice for mid-range cooling applications. Operating up to 4A, it functions natively on standard 12V DC systems (while allowing for up to 15.4V scaling), striking a balanced profile between cooling performance and manageable power draw.
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
| Model | TES1-12704 / TEC1-12704 |
| Dimensions | $40\text{mm} \times 40\text{mm} \times 3.9\text{mm}$ to $4.7\text{mm}$ (depending on casing/seal) |
| Couples (P-N Junctions) | 127 |
| Max Current ($I_{max}$) | 4.0A to 4.3A |
| Max Voltage ($V_{max}$) | ~15.4V DC (Optimized for standard 12V DC supply lines) |
| Max Cooling Power ($Q_{max}$) | ~33.4W to 36.8W ($\Delta T = 0^\circ\text{C}$) |
| Max Temperature Difference ($\Delta T_{max}$) | $\ge 66^\circ\text{C}$ to $68^\circ\text{C}$ |
| Internal Resistance | ~2.85Ω to 3.22Ω |
| Wire Lead Length | ~150mm to 350mm (20AWG tinned insulated copper) |
Key Features
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Standardized 4x4cm Profile: The uniform square size ensures broad compatibility with a massive ecosystem of commercial water blocks, CPU heatsinks, fans, and mounting hardware.
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Efficient Power Profile: Drawing only around 4A at maximum capacity, it is easier to power via standard desktop power supplies (PSUs) or 12V batteries compared to hungrier 6A or 8A modules.
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Dynamic Heating & Cooling: Transitions from freezing cold to scorching hot in moments simply by flipping the input DC polarity, allowing for closed-loop, precision temperature maintenance.
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Environmentally Sealed: Most units come factory-sealed with silicone rubber or epoxy around the edges, protecting the internal bismuth telluride components from ambient condensation.
Common Applications
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Consumer DIY Appliances: Used to build or repair small 12V portable car fridges, cosmetic/skincare mini-refrigerators, and electronic beverage chillers.
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Desktop Electronic Hardware: Deployed in custom computer builds for localized overclocking cooling or keeping high-power LED arrays, sensors, and imaging CCD chips cold.
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Educational & Science Experiments: The perfect, safe entry-point module for students and hobbyists exploring thermodynamics, thermoelectric generation (TEG), and green energy concepts.
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Water Chilling Systems: Integrated into small aquarium chillers or desktop water dispensers.
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